Pool

The pool.sol contract is the main user facing contract of the protocol. It exposes the liquidity management methods that can be invoked using either Solidity or Web3 libraries.

Write Methods

supply

function supply(address asset, uint256 amount, address onBehalfOf, uint16 referralCode)

The referralCode is emitted in Supply event and can be for third party referral integrations. To activate referral feature and obtain a unique referral code, integrators need to submit proposal to Maker Governance.

When supplying, the Pool contract must have**allowance()to spend funds on behalf ofmsg.sender** for at-least**amount** for the asset being supplied. This can be done via the standard ERC20 approve()method on the underlying token contract

Referral supply is currently inactive, you can pass 0 as referralCode. This program may be activated in the future through an Maker Governance proposal

Param Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the asset being supplied to the pool.
amount	uint256	amount of asset being supplied.
onBehalfOf	address	address that will receive the corresponding spTokens. Note: only the onBehalfOf address will be able to withdraw asset from the pool.
referralCode	uint16	unique code for 3rd party referral program integration. Use 0 for no referral.

Param Name

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the asset being supplied to the pool.

amount

uint256

amount of asset being supplied.

onBehalfOf

address

address that will receive the corresponding spTokens. Note: only the onBehalfOf address will be able to withdraw asset from the pool.

referralCode

uint16

unique code for 3rd party referral program integration. Use 0 for no referral.

supplyWithPermit

function supplyWithPermit(address asset, uint256 amount, address onBehalfOf, uint16 referralCode, uint256 deadline, uint8 permitV, permitR, bytes32 permitS)

Supply with transfer approval of supplied asset via permit function. This method removes the need for separate approval tx before supplying asset to the pool.

Permit signature must be signed by msg.sender with spender as Pool address.

Referral program is currently inactive, you can pass 0 as referralCode. This program may be activated in the future through an Maker Governance proposal

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	Address of underlying asset being supplied. Same asset as used in permit s,v,r
amount	uint256	Amount of asset to be supplied and signed for approval. Same amount as used in permit s,v,r
onBehalfOf	address	Address that will receive the spTokens.
referralCode	uint16	unique code for 3rd party referral program integration. Use 0 for no referral.
deadline	uint256	unix timestamp up-till which signature will be valid
permitV	uint8	Signature parameter v
permitR	bytes32	Signature parameter r
permitS	bytes32	Signature parameter s

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

Address of underlying asset being supplied. Same asset as used in permit s,v,r

amount

uint256

Amount of asset to be supplied and signed for approval. Same amount as used in permit s,v,r

onBehalfOf

address

Address that will receive the spTokens.

referralCode

uint16

unique code for 3rd party referral program integration. Use 0 for no referral.

deadline

uint256

unix timestamp up-till which signature will be valid

permitV

uint8

Signature parameter v

permitR

bytes32

Signature parameter r

permitS

bytes32

Signature parameter s

withdraw

function withdraw(address asset, uint256 amount, address to)

Withdraws amount of the underlying asset, i.e. redeems the underlying token and burns the spTokens.

If user has any existing debt backed by the underlying token, then the max amount available to withdraw is the amount that will not leave user health factor < 1 after withdrawal.

When withdrawingtoanother address, msg.sendershould have spTokenthat will be burned by Pool .

Call Params

Name Type Description

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying asset, not the spToken
amount	uint256	amount deposited, expressed in wei units. Use `type(uint).max` to withdraw the entire balance.
to	address	address that will receive the `asset`

asset

address

address of the underlying asset, not the spToken

amount

uint256

amount deposited, expressed in wei units. Use type(uint).max to withdraw the entire balance.

address

address that will receive the asset

borrow

function borrow(address asset, uint256 amount, uint256 interestRateMode, uint16 referralCode, address onBehalfOf)

Borrows amount of asset with interestRateMode, sending the amount to msg.sender, with the debt being incurred by onBehalfOf.

Note: If onBehalfOf is not same as msg.sender, then onBehalfOf must have supplied enough collateral via supply() and have delegated credit to msg.sender via approveDelegation().

Referral program is currently inactive, you can pass 0 as referralCode. This program may be activated in the future through an Maker Governance proposal

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying asset
amount	uint256	amount to be borrowed, expressed in wei units
interestRateMode	uint256	the type of borrow debt. Stable: 1, Variable: 2
referralCode	uint16	referral code for our referral program. Use 0 for no referral code.
onBehalfOf	address	address of user who will incur the debt. Use msg.sender when not calling on behalf of a different user.

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying asset

amount

uint256

amount to be borrowed, expressed in wei units

interestRateMode

uint256

the type of borrow debt. Stable: 1, Variable: 2

referralCode

uint16

referral code for our referral program. Use 0 for no referral code.

onBehalfOf

address

address of user who will incur the debt. Use msg.sender when not calling on behalf of a different user.

repay

function repay(address asset, uint256 amount, uint256 rateMode, address onBehalfOf)

Repays onBehalfOf's debt amount of asset which has a rateMode.

When repaying, the Pool contract must have**allowance()to spend funds on behalf ofmsg.sender** for at-least**amount** for the asset you are repaying with. This can be done via the standard ERC20 approve()method on the underlying token contract.

Referral program is currently inactive, you can pass 0 as referralCode. This program may be activated in the future through an Maker Governance proposal

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying asset
amount	uint256	Amount of underlying asset being repaid. Use uint(-1) to repay the entire debt, ONLY when the repayment is not executed on behalf of a 3rd party. In case of repayments on behalf of another user, it's recommended to send an _amount slightly higher than the current borrowed amount.
rateMode	uint256	the type of debt being repaid. Stable: 1, Variable: 2
onBehalfOf	address	address of user who will incur the debt. Use msg.sender when not calling on behalf of a different user.

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying asset

amount

uint256

Amount of underlying asset being repaid. Use uint(-1) to repay the entire debt, ONLY when the repayment is not executed on behalf of a 3rd party. In case of repayments on behalf of another user, it's recommended to send an _amount slightly higher than the current borrowed amount.

rateMode

uint256

the type of debt being repaid. Stable: 1, Variable: 2

onBehalfOf

address

address of user who will incur the debt. Use msg.sender when not calling on behalf of a different user.

repayWithPermit

function repayWithPermit(address asset, uint256 amount, uint256 interestRateMode, address onBehalfOf, uint256 deadline, uint8 permitV, permitR, bytes32 permitS)

Repay with transfer approval of borrowed asset via permit function. This method removes the need for separate approval tx before repaying asset to the pool.

Permit signature must be signed by msg.sender with spender value as Pool address.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	Address of underlying asset being supplied. Same asset as used in permit s,v,r
amount	uint256	Amount of asset to be supplied and signed for approval. Same amount as used in permit s,v,r
interestRateMode	uint256	the type of debt being repaid. Stable: 1, Variable: 2
onBehalfOf	address	Address that will receive the spTokens.
deadline	uint256	unix timestamp up-till which signature will be valid
permitV	uint8	Signature parameter v
permitR	bytes32	Signature parameter r
permitS	bytes32	Signature parameter s

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

Address of underlying asset being supplied. Same asset as used in permit s,v,r

amount

uint256

Amount of asset to be supplied and signed for approval. Same amount as used in permit s,v,r

interestRateMode

uint256

the type of debt being repaid. Stable: 1, Variable: 2

onBehalfOf

address

Address that will receive the spTokens.

deadline

uint256

unix timestamp up-till which signature will be valid

permitV

uint8

Signature parameter v

permitR

bytes32

Signature parameter r

permitS

bytes32

Signature parameter s

repayWithSpTokens

function repayWithSpTokens(address asset,uint256 amount,uint256 interestRateMode)

Allows user to repay with spTokens of the underlying debt asset without any approvals eg. Pay DAI debt using aDAI tokens.

Call Params

Param Name	Type	Description
asset	address	Address of the underlying asset to be repaid
amount	uint256	Amount of underlying asset being repaid. Use uint256(-1) to pay without leaving spToken dust
interestRateMode	uint256	Interest rate mode of the debt position 1 - stable 2 - variable

Param Name

Type

Description

asset

address

Address of the underlying asset to be repaid

amount

uint256

Amount of underlying asset being repaid. Use uint256(-1) to pay without leaving spToken dust

interestRateMode

uint256

Interest rate mode of the debt position 1 - stable 2 - variable

swapBorrowRateMode

function swapBorrowRateMode(address asset, uint256 rateMode)

Swaps msg.sender's borrow rate mode between stable and variable.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying asset
rateMode	uint256	the rate mode the user is swapping from. Stable: 1, Variable: 2

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying asset

rateMode

uint256

the rate mode the user is swapping from. Stable: 1, Variable: 2

rebalanceStableBorrowRate

function rebalanceStableBorrowRate(address asset, address user)

Rebalances stable borrow rate of the user for given asset. In case of liquidity crunches on the protocol, stable rate borrows might need to be rebalanced to bring back equilibrium between the borrow and supply rates.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	Address of the underlying token that has been borrowed for which the position is being rebalanced.
user	address	Address of the user being rebalanced.

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

Address of the underlying token that has been borrowed for which the position is being rebalanced.

user

address

Address of the user being rebalanced.

setUserUseReserveAsCollateral

function setUserUseReserveAsCollateral(address asset, bool useAsCollateral)

Sets the asset of msg.sender to be used as collateral or not.

An asset in Isolation Mode can be enabled to use as collateral only if no other asset is already enabled to use as collateral.

User won’t be able to disable an asset as collateral if they have an outstanding debt position which could be left with HF < HEALTH_FACTOR_LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD on disabling the given asset as collateral.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying asset to be used as collateral
useAsCollateral	bool	true if the asset should be used as collateral

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying asset to be used as collateral

useAsCollateral

bool

true if the asset should be used as collateral

liquidationCall

function liquidationCall(address collateral, address debt, address user, uint256 debtToCover, bool receiveSpToken)

Liquidate positions with a health factor below 1.

When the health factor of a position is below 1, liquidators repay part or all of the outstanding borrowed amount on behalf of the borrower, while receiving a discounted amount of collateral in return (also known as a liquidation 'bonus"). Liquidators can decide if they want to receive an equivalent amount of collateral spTokens instead of the underlying asset. When the liquidation is completed successfully, the health factor of the position is increased, bringing the health factor above 1.

Liquidators can only close a certain amount of collateral defined by a close factor. Currently the close factor is 0.5. In other words, liquidators can only liquidate a maximum of 50% of the amount pending to be repaid in a position. The liquidation discount applies to this amount.

Liquidators must `approve()` the `Pool` contract to use `debtToCover` of the underlying ERC20 of the`asset` used for the liquidation.

NOTES

In most scenarios, profitable liquidators will choose to liquidate as much as they can (50% of the user position).
debtToCover parameter can be set to uint(-1) and the protocol will proceed with the highest possible liquidation allowed by the close factor.
To check a user's health factor, use getUserAccountData().

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
collateral	address	address of the collateral reserve
debt	address	address of the debt reserve
user	address	address of the borrower
debtToCover	uint256	amount of asset debt that the liquidator will repay
receiveSpToken	bool	if true, the user receives the spTokens equivalent of the purchased collateral. If false, the user receives the underlying asset directly.

Name

Type

Description

collateral

address

address of the collateral reserve

debt

address

address of the debt reserve

user

address

address of the borrower

debtToCover

uint256

amount of asset debt that the liquidator will repay

receiveSpToken

bool

if true, the user receives the spTokens equivalent of the purchased collateral. If false, the user receives the underlying asset directly.

flashLoan

function flashLoan( address receiverAddress, address[] calldata assets, uint256[] calldata amounts, uint256[] interestRateModes, address onBehalfOf, bytes calldata params, uint16 referralCode)

Allows users to access liquidity of the pool for given list of assets for one transaction as long as the amount taken plus fee is returned or debt position is opened by the end of transaction.

If no debt position is opened, receiver must approve the Pool contract for at least the amount borrowed + fee, else transaction will revert.

Flash loan fee is waived for the approved flashBorrowers

Referral program is currently inactive, you can pass 0 as referralCode. This program may be activated in the future through an Maker Governance proposal

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
receiverAddress	address	Address of the contract that will receive the flash borrowed funds. Must implement the IFlashLoanReceiver interface.
assets	address[]	Addresses of the underlying assets that will be flash borrowed
amounts	uint256[]	Amounts of assets being requested for flash borrow. This needs to contain the same number of entries as assets.
modes	uint256[]	the types of debt position to open if the flashloan is not returned. 0: no open debt. (amount+fee must be paid in this case or revert) 1: stable mode debt 2: variable mode debt
onBehalfOf	address	if the associated mode is not0 then the incurred debt will be applied to the onBehalfOfaddress. Note: onBehalfOf must already have approved sufficient borrow allowance of the associated asset to msg.sender
params	bytes	Arbitrary bytes-encoded params that will be passed to executeOperation() method of the receiver contract.
referralCode	uint16	Referral Code used for 3rd party integration referral. The unique referral id is can be requested via governance proposal

Name

Type

Description

receiverAddress

address

Address of the contract that will receive the flash borrowed funds. Must implement the IFlashLoanReceiver interface.

assets

address[]

Addresses of the underlying assets that will be flash borrowed

amounts

uint256[]

Amounts of assets being requested for flash borrow. This needs to contain the same number of entries as assets.

modes

uint256[]

the types of debt position to open if the flashloan is not returned. 0: no open debt. (amount+fee must be paid in this case or revert) 1: stable mode debt 2: variable mode debt

onBehalfOf

address

if the associated mode is not0 then the incurred debt will be applied to the onBehalfOfaddress. Note: onBehalfOf must already have approved sufficient borrow allowance of the associated asset to msg.sender

params

bytes

Arbitrary bytes-encoded params that will be passed to executeOperation() method of the receiver contract.

referralCode

uint16

Referral Code used for 3rd party integration referral. The unique referral id is can be requested via governance proposal

flashLoanSimple

function flashLoanSimple( address receiverAddress, address asset, uint256 amount, bytes calldata params, uint16 referralCode)

Allows users to access liquidity of one reserve or one transaction as long as the amount taken plus fee is returned.

Receiver must approve the Pool contract for at least the amount borrowed + fee, else transaction will revert.

Does not waive few for approved flashBorrowers nor allow opening a debt position instead of repaying.

Referral program is currently inactive, you can pass 0 as referralCode. This program may be activated in the future through an Maker Governance proposal

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
receiverAddress	address	Address of the contract that will receive the flash borrowed funds. Must implement the IFlashLoanReceiver interface.
asset	address	Address of the underlying asset that will be flash borrowed.
amount	uint256	Amount of asset being requested for flash borrow
params	bytes	Arbitrary bytes-encoded params that will be passed to executeOperation() method of the receiver contract.
referralCode	uint16	Referral Code used for 3rd party integration referral. The unique referral id is can be requested via governance proposal

Name

Type

Description

receiverAddress

address

Address of the contract that will receive the flash borrowed funds. Must implement the IFlashLoanReceiver interface.

asset

address

Address of the underlying asset that will be flash borrowed.

amount

uint256

Amount of asset being requested for flash borrow

params

bytes

Arbitrary bytes-encoded params that will be passed to executeOperation() method of the receiver contract.

referralCode

uint16

Referral Code used for 3rd party integration referral. The unique referral id is can be requested via governance proposal

mintToTreasury

function mintToTreasury(address[] calldata assets)

Mints reserve income accrued to treasury (as per the reserve factor) for the given list of assets.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
assets	address[]	List of assets for which accrued income is minted

Name

Type

Description

assets

address[]

List of assets for which accrued income is minted

setUserEMode

function setUserEMode(uint8 categoryId)

Updates the user efficiency mode category. The category id must be a valid id already defined by Pool or Risk Admins

Will revert if user is borrowing non-compatible asset or change will drop HF < HEALTH_FACTOR_LIQUIDATION_THRESHOLD

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
categoryId	uint8	eMode category id (0 - 255) defined by Risk or Pool Admins. categoryId == 0 ⇒ non E-mode category.

Name

Type

Description

categoryId

uint8

eMode category id (0 - 255) defined by Risk or Pool Admins. categoryId == 0 ⇒ non E-mode category.

mintUnbacked

mintUnbacked (asset, amount, onBehalfOf, referralCode)

Allows contracts, with BRIDGE role permission, to mint unbacked spTokens to the onBehalfOf address. This method is part of the Spark Lend Portal feature.

Only available to the addresses withBRIDGErole. Bridge addresses can be whitelisted by the governance.

Param	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying asset token
amount	uint256	the amount to be minted
onBehalfOf	address	the address which will receive the spTokens
referralCode	uint16	Code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards 0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man

Param

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying asset token

amount

uint256

the amount to be minted

onBehalfOf

address

the address which will receive the spTokens

referralCode

uint16

Code used to register the integrator originating the operation, for potential rewards 0 if the action is executed directly by the user, without any middle-man

backUnbacked

backUnbacked (asset, amount, fee)

Allows contracts, with BRIDGE role permission, to back the currently unbacked spTokens with amount of underlying asset and pay fee. This method is part of the Spark Lend Portal feature.

Only available to the addresses withBRIDGErole. Bridge addresses can be whitelisted by the governance.

Param	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying asset to repay
amount	uint256	amount of asset supplied to back the unbacked tokens
fee	uint256	amount paid in fee

Param

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying asset to repay

amount

uint256

amount of asset supplied to back the unbacked tokens

fee

uint256

amount paid in fee

rescueTokens

function rescueTokens(address token, address to, uint256 amount)

Rescue and transfer tokens locked in this contract.

Only available toPOOL_ADMINrole. Pool admin is selected by the governance.

View Methods

getReserveData

function getReserveData(address asset)

Returns the state and configuration of the reserve.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying reserve asset.

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying reserve asset.

Return Values

Name	Type	Description
configuration	uint256	Reserve configuration. bit 0-15: LTV bit 16-31: Liquidation threshold bit 32-47: Liquidation bonus bit 48-55: Decimals bit 56: reserve is active bit 57: reserve is frozen bit 58: borrowing is enabled bit 59: stable rate borrowing enabled bit 60: asset is paused bit 61: borrowing in isolation mode is enabled bit 62-63: reserved bit 64-79: reserve factor bit 80-115: borrow cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 116-151: supply cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 152-167: liquidation protocol fee bit 168-175: eMode category bit 176-211: unbacked mint cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 212-251: debt ceiling for isolation mode with decimals bit 252-255: unused
liquidityIndex	uint128	yield generated by reserve during time interval since lastUpdatedTimestamp. Expressed in ray
currentLiquidityRate	uint128	current supply rate. Expressed in ray
variableBorrowIndex	uint128	yield accrued by reserve during time interval since lastUpdatedTimestamp. Expressed in ray
currentVariableBorrowRate	uint128	current variable borrow rate. Expressed in ray
currentStableBorrowRate	uint128	current stable borrow rate. Expressed in ray
lastUpdateTimestamp	uint40	timestamp of when reserve data was last updated. Used for yield calculation.
id	uint16	reserve’s position in the list of active reserves.
spTokenAddress	address	address of associated spToken
stableDebtTokenAddress	address	address of associated stable debt token
variableDebtTokenAddress	address	address of associated variable debt token
interestRateStrategyAddress	address	address of interest rate strategy.
accruedToTreasury	uint128	the current treasury balance (scaled)
unbacked	uint128	the outstanding unbacked spTokens minted through the bridging feature
isolationModeTotalDebt	uint128	the outstanding debt borrowed against this asset in isolation mode

Name

Type

Description

configuration

uint256

Reserve configuration. bit 0-15: LTV bit 16-31: Liquidation threshold bit 32-47: Liquidation bonus bit 48-55: Decimals bit 56: reserve is active bit 57: reserve is frozen bit 58: borrowing is enabled bit 59: stable rate borrowing enabled bit 60: asset is paused bit 61: borrowing in isolation mode is enabled bit 62-63: reserved bit 64-79: reserve factor bit 80-115: borrow cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 116-151: supply cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 152-167: liquidation protocol fee bit 168-175: eMode category bit 176-211: unbacked mint cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 212-251: debt ceiling for isolation mode with decimals bit 252-255: unused

liquidityIndex

uint128

yield generated by reserve during time interval since lastUpdatedTimestamp. Expressed in ray

currentLiquidityRate

uint128

current supply rate. Expressed in ray

variableBorrowIndex

uint128

yield accrued by reserve during time interval since lastUpdatedTimestamp. Expressed in ray

currentVariableBorrowRate

uint128

current variable borrow rate. Expressed in ray

currentStableBorrowRate

uint128

current stable borrow rate. Expressed in ray

lastUpdateTimestamp

uint40

timestamp of when reserve data was last updated. Used for yield calculation.

uint16

reserve’s position in the list of active reserves.

spTokenAddress

address

address of associated spToken

stableDebtTokenAddress

address

address of associated stable debt token

variableDebtTokenAddress

address

address of associated variable debt token

interestRateStrategyAddress

address

address of interest rate strategy.

accruedToTreasury

uint128

the current treasury balance (scaled)

unbacked

uint128

the outstanding unbacked spTokens minted through the bridging feature

isolationModeTotalDebt

uint128

the outstanding debt borrowed against this asset in isolation mode

getUserAccountData

function getUserAccountData(address user)

Returns the user account data across all the reserves

Call params

Name	Type	Description
user	address	address of the user

Name

Type

Description

user

address

address of the user

Return Values

Name	Type	Description
totalCollateralBase	uint256	total collateral of the user, in market’s base currency
totalDebtBase	uint256	total debt of the user, in market’s base currency
availableBorrowsBase	uint256	borrowing power left of the user, in market’s base currency
currentLiquidationThreshold	uint256	liquidation threshold of the user
ltv	uint256	Loan To Value of the user
healthFactor	uint256	current health factor of the user

Name

Type

Description

totalCollateralBase

uint256

total collateral of the user, in market’s base currency

totalDebtBase

uint256

total debt of the user, in market’s base currency

availableBorrowsBase

uint256

borrowing power left of the user, in market’s base currency

currentLiquidationThreshold

uint256

liquidation threshold of the user

ltv

uint256

Loan To Value of the user

healthFactor

uint256

current health factor of the user

getConfiguration

function getConfiguration(address asset)

Returns the configuration of the reserve.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
asset	address	address of the underlying reserve asset.

Name

Type

Description

asset

address

address of the underlying reserve asset.

Return Values

Name	Type	Description
configuration	uint256	Reserve configuration. bit 0-15: LTV bit 16-31: Liquidation threshold bit 32-47: Liquidation bonus bit 48-55: Decimals bit 56: reserve is active bit 57: reserve is frozen bit 58: borrowing is enabled bit 59: stable rate borrowing enabled bit 60: asset is paused bit 61: borrowing in isolation mode is enabled bit 62-63: reserved bit 64-79: reserve factor bit 80-115: borrow cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 116-151: supply cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 152-167: liquidation protocol fee bit 168-175: eMode category bit 176-211: unbacked mint cap in whole tokens, 0 ⇒ no cap bit 212-251: debt ceiling for isolation mode with decimals bit 252-255: unused

Name

Type

Description

configuration

uint256

getUserConfiguration

function getUserConfiguration(address user)

Returns the configuration of the user across all the reserves.

Call Params

Name	Type	Description
user	address	address of the user

Name

Type

Description

user

address

address of the user

Return Values

Type	Description
uint256	Bitmap of the users collaterals and borrows. Its divided into pairs of bits, one pair for each asset. The first bit of the pair indicates if it is being used as collateral by the user, the second bit indicates if it is being borrowed. The corresponding assets are in the same position as getReservesList() For example, if the hex value returned is 0x40020, which represents a decimal value of 262176, then in binary it is 1000000000000100000. If we format the binary value into pairs, starting from the right, we get 1 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00. If we start from the right and move left in the above binary pairs, the third pair is 10. Therefore the 1 indicates that third asset from the reserveList is used as collateral, and 0 indicates it has not been borrowed by this user.

Type

Description

uint256

Bitmap of the users collaterals and borrows. Its divided into pairs of bits, one pair for each asset. The first bit of the pair indicates if it is being used as collateral by the user, the second bit indicates if it is being borrowed. The corresponding assets are in the same position as getReservesList() For example, if the hex value returned is 0x40020, which represents a decimal value of 262176, then in binary it is 1000000000000100000. If we format the binary value into pairs, starting from the right, we get 1 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00. If we start from the right and move left in the above binary pairs, the third pair is 10. Therefore the 1 indicates that third asset from the reserveList is used as collateral, and 0 indicates it has not been borrowed by this user.

getReserveNormalizedIncome

function getReserveNormalizedIncome(address asset)

Returns the ongoing normalized income for the reserve.

A value of 1e27 means there is no income. As time passes, the yield is accrued. A value of 2*1e27 means for each unit of asset one unit of income has been accrued.

Return Value

Type	Description
uint256	Normalized income, expressed in ray

Type

Description

uint256

Normalized income, expressed in ray

getReserveNormalizedDebt

function getReserveNormalizedVariableDebt(address asset)

Returns the ongoing normalized variable debt for the reserve.

A value of 1e27 means there is no debt. As time passes, the debt is accrued. A value of 2*1e27 means that for each unit of debt, one unit worth of interest has been accumulated.

Return Value

Type	Description
uint256	Normalized debt, expressed in ray

Type

Description

uint256

Normalized debt, expressed in ray

getReservesList

function getReservesList()

Returns the list of initialized reserves.

getEModeCategoryData

function getEModeCategoryData(uint8 id)

Returns category data for the given eModeCategory id.

Return Values

Type	Description
uint16	loan to value (ltv) for the given eModeCategory id
uint16	liquidationThreshold for the given eModeCategory id
uint16	liquidationBonus for the given eModeCategory id
address	custom price source for the eMode category
string	custom label describing the eMode category

Type

Description

uint16

loan to value (ltv) for the given eModeCategory id

uint16

liquidationThreshold for the given eModeCategory id

uint16

liquidationBonus for the given eModeCategory id

address

custom price source for the eMode category

string

custom label describing the eMode category

getUserEMode

function getUserEMode(address user)

Returns eModeCategory Id of the user’s eMode. 0 ⇒ no eMode.

FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TOTAL

function FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TOTAL() public view returns (uint128)

Returns the percent of total flashloan premium paid by the borrower. A part of this premium is added to reserve's liquidity index i.e. paid to the liquidity provider and the other part is paid to the protocol i.e. accrued to the treasury.

FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TO_PROTOCOL

function FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TO_PROTOCOL() public view returns (uint128)

Returns the percent of flashloan premium that is accrued to the treasury.

ABI

Pool ABI

[
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "contract IPoolAddressesProvider",
                "name": "provider",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "constructor"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "backer",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "fee",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "name": "BackUnbacked",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "onBehalfOf",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "enum DataTypes.InterestRateMode",
                "name": "interestRateMode",
                "type": "uint8"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "borrowRate",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "name": "Borrow",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "target",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "initiator",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "enum DataTypes.InterestRateMode",
                "name": "interestRateMode",
                "type": "uint8"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "premium",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "name": "FlashLoan",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "totalDebt",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "name": "IsolationModeTotalDebtUpdated",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "collateralAsset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "debtAsset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "debtToCover",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "liquidatedCollateralAmount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "liquidator",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "bool",
                "name": "receiveSpToken",
                "type": "bool"
            }
        ],
        "name": "LiquidationCall",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "onBehalfOf",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "name": "MintUnbacked",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amountMinted",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "name": "MintedToTreasury",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "name": "RebalanceStableBorrowRate",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "repayer",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "bool",
                "name": "useSpTokens",
                "type": "bool"
            }
        ],
        "name": "Repay",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "liquidityRate",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "stableBorrowRate",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "variableBorrowRate",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "liquidityIndex",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "variableBorrowIndex",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "name": "ReserveDataUpdated",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "name": "ReserveUsedAsCollateralDisabled",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "name": "ReserveUsedAsCollateralEnabled",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "onBehalfOf",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "name": "Supply",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "enum DataTypes.InterestRateMode",
                "name": "interestRateMode",
                "type": "uint8"
            }
        ],
        "name": "SwapBorrowRateMode",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint8",
                "name": "categoryId",
                "type": "uint8"
            }
        ],
        "name": "UserEModeSet",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "anonymous": false,
        "inputs": [
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "reserve",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "user",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": true,
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "to",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "indexed": false,
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "name": "Withdraw",
        "type": "event"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [],
        "name": "ADDRESSES_PROVIDER",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "contract IPoolAddressesProvider",
                "name": "",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [],
        "name": "BRIDGE_PROTOCOL_FEE",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [],
        "name": "FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TOTAL",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint128",
                "name": "",
                "type": "uint128"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [],
        "name": "FLASHLOAN_PREMIUM_TO_PROTOCOL",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint128",
                "name": "",
                "type": "uint128"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [],
        "name": "MAX_NUMBER_RESERVES",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [],
        "name": "MAX_STABLE_RATE_BORROW_SIZE_PERCENT",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [],
        "name": "POOL_REVISION",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "fee",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "name": "backUnbacked",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "interestRateMode",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "onBehalfOf",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "name": "borrow",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint8",
                "name": "id",
                "type": "uint8"
            },
            {
                "components": [
                    {
                        "internalType": "uint16",
                        "name": "ltv",
                        "type": "uint16"
                    },
                    {
                        "internalType": "uint16",
                        "name": "liquidationThreshold",
                        "type": "uint16"
                    },
                    {
                        "internalType": "uint16",
                        "name": "liquidationBonus",
                        "type": "uint16"
                    },
                    {
                        "internalType": "address",
                        "name": "priceSource",
                        "type": "address"
                    },
                    {
                        "internalType": "string",
                        "name": "label",
                        "type": "string"
                    }
                ],
                "internalType": "struct DataTypes.EModeCategory",
                "name": "category",
                "type": "tuple"
            }
        ],
        "name": "configureEModeCategory",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "onBehalfOf",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "name": "deposit",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "name": "dropReserve",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "from",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "to",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "balanceFromBefore",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "balanceToBefore",
                "type": "uint256"
            }
        ],
        "name": "finalizeTransfer",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "receiverAddress",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "address[]",
                "name": "assets",
                "type": "address[]"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256[]",
                "name": "amounts",
                "type": "uint256[]"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256[]",
                "name": "interestRateModes",
                "type": "uint256[]"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "onBehalfOf",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "bytes",
                "name": "params",
                "type": "bytes"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "name": "flashLoan",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "receiverAddress",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint256",
                "name": "amount",
                "type": "uint256"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "bytes",
                "name": "params",
                "type": "bytes"
            },
            {
                "internalType": "uint16",
                "name": "referralCode",
                "type": "uint16"
            }
        ],
        "name": "flashLoanSimple",
        "outputs": [],
        "stateMutability": "nonpayable",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "address",
                "name": "asset",
                "type": "address"
            }
        ],
        "name": "getConfiguration",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "components": [
                    {
                        "internalType": "uint256",
                        "name": "data",
                        "type": "uint256"
                    }
                ],
                "internalType": "struct DataTypes.ReserveConfigurationMap",
                "name": "",
                "type": "tuple"
            }
        ],
        "stateMutability": "view",
        "type": "function"
    },
    {
        "inputs": [
            {
                "internalType": "uint8",
                "name": "id",
                "type": "uint8"
            }
        ],
        "name": "getEModeCategoryData",
        "outputs": [
            {
                "components": [
                    {
                        "internalType": "uint16",
                        "name": "ltv",
                        "type": "uint16"
                    },
                    {
                        "internalType": "uint16",
                        "name": "liquidationThreshold",
                        "type": "uint16"
                    },
                    {
                        "internalType": "uint16",
                        "name": "liquidationBonus",
                        "type": "uint16"
                    },
                    {
                        "internalType": "address",